[Flask]接口实现和测试

小结Flask框架使用，包括Get/Post接口实现和测试

Flask简介

Flask是一个使用Python编写的轻量级Web应用框架

安装

参考：安装

# pip也行
$ conda install flask

一个最小的应用

参考：快速上手

新建app.py

$ cat app.py 
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return 'Hello, World!'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=True)

启动flask应用

$ python app.py 
 * Serving Flask app "app" (lazy loading)
 * Environment: production
   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
   Use a production WSGI server instead.
 * Debug mode: on
 * Running on http://0.0.0.0:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
 * Restarting with stat
 * Debugger is active!
 * Debugger PIN: 461-774-216

测试

$ curl http://localhost:5000
Hello, World!

Get/Post接口

Web 应用使用不同的 HTTP 方法处理 URL 。当你使用 Flask 时，应当熟悉 HTTP 方法。 缺省情况下，一个路由只回应 GET 请求。 可以使用 route() 装饰器的 methods 参数来处理不同的 HTTP 方法:

修改app.py，添加Get/Post接口

$ cat app.py 
from flask import Flask, request
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return 'Hello, World!'

@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        return "it's POST"
    else:
        return "it's GET"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=True)

测试

$ curl http://localhost:5000/login
it's GET
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:5000/login
it's POST

测试文件

参考python+flask：实现POST接口功能，编写测试程序进行请求

修改app.py如下：

$ cat app.py 
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return 'Hello, World!'

@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        return "it's POST"
    else:
        return "it's GET"

@app.route('/add/post', methods=['post'])
def add_stu():
    if  not request.data:
        return ('fail')
    post_data = request.data.decode('utf-8')
    post_json = json.loads(post_data)
    print(post_json['way'])
    print(post_json)
    # 返回json数据
    return jsonify(post_json)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=True)

测试文件如下：

$ cat test_post.py 
import requests,json
 
data = {
    'hi': 'world',
    'way': 'post'
}
url = 'http://localhost:5000/add/post'
 
r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(data))
print(r.json())

输出

$ python app.py                                                  # app.py
 * Serving Flask app "app" (lazy loading)
 * Environment: production
   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
   Use a production WSGI server instead.
 * Debug mode: on
 * Running on http://0.0.0.0:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
 * Restarting with stat
 * Debugger is active!
 * Debugger PIN: 461-774-216
post
{'hi': 'world', 'way': 'post'}
127.0.0.1 - - [21/Jun/2020 11:42:48] "POST /add/post HTTP/1.1" 200 -
$ python test_post.py                                         # 测试文件
{'hi': 'world', 'way': 'post'}